Which of the following is classified as a short-term somatic effect of radiation exposure?

Bone Marrow Syndrome is classified as a short-term somatic effect of radiation exposure because it occurs as an immediate consequence of high doses of radiation affecting the bone marrow, which is vital for blood cell production. This syndrome is characterized by a range of acute symptoms resulting from the destruction of bone marrow, including a decrease in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The effects can manifest quite rapidly, typically within days to weeks, following exposure to a significant dose of ionizing radiation.

In contrast, conditions such as cancer, chronic fatigue, and cardiovascular disease typically develop as long-term risks or effects associated with radiation exposure. Increased risk of cancer is often seen after long-term, lower-level exposures and is not an immediate effect. Chronic fatigue may occur over time but is not directly linked as a short-term effect of radiation exposure, and cardiovascular disease is usually a long-term consequence of cumulative radiation exposure, reflecting changes in systemic health rather than acute reactions. Thus, Bone Marrow Syndrome aligns clearly with the short-term effects observed shortly after significant radiation exposure.